Cellulose - recognize that '-ose'? Same as sucrose and fructose above, this is a sugar. However, Cellulose is not a simple, or even a disaccharide. We're talking hundreds or thousands of simple sugars joined together. The simpler the sugar, the sweeter it tastes to us - cotton does not taste that sweet. Cellulose is the building blocks of all plant fibers and forms the cell walls that encase each plant cell in a rigid skeleton.
Xanthan gum is another polysaccharide and has numerous uses from
lubricants to filler. Xantham itself is made from the bacterium
Xanthomonas campestris and is commonly found on plants in
the cabbage family. Xantham is resistant to many enzymes and thus
improves shelf life and is soluble in hot and cold water, and a wide
range of acidic and alkaline solutions and salt levels. There is also
a paper written on the effects of xanthan gum and the size of baked
cakes (Miller, R.A. and R.C. Hoseney. 1993. The role of xanthan gum in
white layer cakes. Cereal Chemistry 70(5): 585-588.).