Born in 1713:
Died in 1713:
Events of 1713:
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The Great Northern War continues:
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(February 1) "Kalabalik i Bender" Swedish King
Charles XII is encamped with his soldiers near Bendery in Moldova,
trying to get the Ottoman Sultan to attack Russia again. The sultan
realizes that Charles is a spent force and sends troops to evict him.
After a confused firefight, Charles is captured by the Turks and made a
prisoner1. Check!
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Szczecin (Stettin) in Pomerania falls to the Prussian army.
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Tönningen surrenders after a long siege.
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Tsar Peter the Great sends his army into Finland, defeating the Finns
at the Battle of Pälkäne (aka Koljonvirta)
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Several Treaties of Utrecht are signed, ending
The War of the Spanish Succession (aka Queen Anne's War):
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(April 11) France, in four separate treaties, assures its erstwhile enemies
that the thrones of France and Spain shall never be united:
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Great Britain:
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The Dutch Republic:
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France will withdraw from the Spanish Netherlands (The Dutch will occupy
them until France signs a treay with Austria, after which they become
Austria's possession).
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Portugal. Louis again agrees that the thrones shall not be united. The
treaty also defines the border between Brazil and French Guiana better.
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Prussia. Louis acknowledges the kingship of the electors of Brandenburg;
Prussia becomes a world power.
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(July 13) Great Britain and Spain:
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King Louis XIV's grandson, now Spanish King Philip V, renounces any
claim to the throne of France].
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Great Britain gets Minorca. The also get Gibraltar, but may not use
it as a base for trading into spain, nor may they allow Jews or Moors
to live there. Britain must also allow Roman Catholics to live there.
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(the "Asiento") Great Britain receives the sole right to the slave trade
with Spanish America, as well as the right to build factories in certain
Spanish American cities.
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The House of Savoy will be heir to the Spanish throne if Philip dies childless.
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Jacob Bernoulli's mathematical work Ars Conjectandi is
published (posthumously).
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Christopher Wren's St. Paul's Cathedral is completed in London.
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The new governor of Louisiana, Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac,
arrives at its capital, Mobile.
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A French trading post is the first European settlement at Natchez.
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John Gay's play The Wife of Bath premeires.
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Queen Anne establishes the Board of Longitude, to encourage the
discovery of a way to determine longitude more accurately.
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Jonathan Swift is made dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral in
Dublin.
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Maratha dowager Tarabai continues the Maratha civil war, setting
up a rival court for her son Shivaji III in Kolhapur.
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Farrukh Siyar makes Asaf Jah his nizam (governor) of Deccan Province
(Andhra Pradesh), an action he might have regretted, however, Farrukh
will not live to see Asaf Jah set Hyderabad up as an independent state.
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The Qing Emperor formally recognizes the Dalai Lama and Panchen
Lama.2
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Tokugawa Ietsugu becomes shogun of Japan, succeding Tokugawa
Ienobu who had died the previous year.
1712 - 1713 - 1714
How they Were Made - 18th Century
1There is
an apocryhpal story about Charles
playing chess with one of his generals during the battle, with Charles
managing to win despite bullets shattering key pieces.
2Note: This is from china.com, a website which seems
to reflect the policies and viewpoints of the Chinese government rather
closely.