In addition to writing down an entire game move by move, there is also a standard method of printing a particular board configuration (fortunately, only one).

The rules are simple:

  • White is at the bottom of the board, Black at the top
  • Each type of piece is denoted by a single letter (P=pawn, N=knight, B=bishop, R=rook, Q=queen, K=king). Although speakers of other languages have different initials for the piece names (and despite the worldwide governing organization (FIDE) being French), I believe that "official" diagrams use the English letters.
  • White's pieces are denoted by upper-case letters, Black's by lower-case

Thus, the original setup of the board is:

+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| r | n | b | q | k | b | n | r |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| p | p | p | p | p | p | p | p |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| R | N | B | Q | K | B | N | R |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+