In the art & science of typography, the term 'chancery' refers to a style of type based on Renaissance manuscripts of papal scribes. Each scribe usually developed a personal style, though chancery generally consists of sweeping, fluid lines and a relatively tall x-height.
Chancery was at the height of its popularity around the time of the invention of the printing press. It's influence can be seen in early typography. Roman typeforms and italics. Contemporary swoosh caps are often based on some of the more ornate forms of chancery.