The famous arena of ancient Rome is more appropriately known as the Flavian Amphitheater, after Titus Flavius Vespianus (known to history as Vespasian). Vespasian (an able general who marched on Rome in 69 AD and seized power during the confusion after Nero's death) brought some measure of financial stability to Rome, the first it had known in quite some time. He spent lavishly, generally on sprucing up Rome rather than for his personal enjoyment. This proved a sound strategy, as he was hailed as a new Augustus, bringing a rebirth to a decaying city.

The Colosseum was a grand building in its day, with a seating capacity of 50,000, a removable roof of canvas awnings, a complex system of undergeround chambers and tunnels through which combatants and/or animals would appear, and fully eighty arched entranceways. Lots and lots of blood was spilled there over the years. Lots.

Incidentally, the Flavian Amphitheater is known as the Colosseum not for its own size or splendor, but for the fact that a large statue of the god Helios was located outside.