well well well... noding some APOD content today, and what do I stumble upon but a little astronomy nodeshell...

Certain stars have a variable pulsing intensity. The period of a cycle through this luminosity is directly linked to the star's intrinsic brightness. A ratio between this calculated brightness, and its brightness when observed from earth allows an approximation of its distance.

Some nearby galaxies (like M31), actually have observable Cepheids on their outer edges. The calculated distances really fucked up all of science's perception of the size of the universe. The result was the Cosmological Shapley-Curtis debate, <---- (feel free to node it, otherwise I will some day..) and even extensions on Einstein's theories!

Suddenly a member of The Nodeshell Rescue Team...