Herostratus was a young citizen of Ephesus ca. 356 BC. His only claim to fame regards the Temple of Artemis, a two-century-old official Wonder of the World: he burned it down.
Ephesus was so horrified by this act that they made a law compelling all citizens to slay anyone who mentioned the name of Herostratus.
As a result, since we have a written record of the laws of Ephesus, Herostratus is more famous than the man who built that temple (Theodorus did the design, and Croesus funded most of it in repayment for knocking down the old one).