typedef -- standard in C/C++. Used to assign a more meaningfull or appropriate name to a variable type. For instance you may be using int's as booleans, so why not declare them as booleans?

typedef old type new type;
typedef int bool;
typedef float dollars;
typedef struct box_t BoxDim;

now you can declare:
bool
bHouseOnFire;
dollars
dPrice;
BoxDim
bMyBox;