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The mangosteen (not "mangostein") is the fruit of an evergreen tree native to Malaysia and Indonesia, and is often available in Western Asian markets when in season. A ripe mangosteen is about the same size as a mandarin orange, with a reddish-purple rind.
An interesting fact about this fruit is that there is always a type of scar at one end. This is a remnant of the flower, and the number of remnant flower parts contained in the scar will tell you precisely how many segments of fruit are inside. Besides containing more fruit, those with the most segments will have fewer seeds.
The fruit itself is sweet, with a texture somewhat like a ripe plum. The flavor is sweet with a hint of acidity.
When purchasing mangosteen fruit, look for ones that are dark purple or reddish purple but not blue-black in color. At home, store mangosteens at room temperature and eat within a few days. Also, it's important to remember that unlike mangos, mangosteens should't be frozen.