Microevolution is a term used by evolutionary biologists to refer to small scale changes within a species. Fields such as population genetics or evolutionary ecology are typically concerned with microevolution. All of our many examples of evolution in action are examples of microevolution. Microevolutionary change does lead to the creation of new species, however. The process of speciation begins with one species, and through microevolutionary mechanisms, creates two distinct species. These species then take on their own independent fates, and can become subjects for the study of macroevolution.