The main change from the
venerable 68000 to the now-
obsolete 68010 was the addition of support for
virtual memory. A few
instructions were added and a couple were modified to support the few extra complications this brought to
interrupt handling and
address spaces.
I'm not an expert on the processor but I think it must have been introduced simultaneously with the 68851 PMMU support chip, which did the actual logical to physical translation.