Russian mathematician and spiritual sidekick to G. I. Gurdjieff. Author of Tertium Organum, "A key to the enigmas of the world", In Search of the Miraculous, "Fragments of an unknown teaching, and the Fourth Way among others.

Ouspensky was able to explain Gurdjieff's ideas more clearly. A key technique in the Fourth Way is "remembering yourself" at all times.

His only novel, "Strange Life of Ivan Osokin", is about a man who discovers that he is living the same life over and over.