The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics
A thick book by Roger Penrose, discussing the possibility of strong AI. Actually, most of it is devoted to small detours about computability, the Mandelbrot set, Quantum physics, Thermodynamics, and (yes!) Penrose tiles. It makes Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid seem focused.
Penrose's point appears to be that some parts of physical reality (presumably involving quantum physics) are noncomputable, and that the human mind makes use of those. This thesis has not been universally accepted.