At least in Sweden, gravlax is sliced salmon that has been marinated in various spices as a way of preservation, it's never buried in the ground. Actually, you have to be pretty careful when preparing gravlax and deep-freeze the fish for at least 24 hours to get rid of bacteria that would otherwise thrive. Compare with sushi, which is also frozen before (in fact, if you are doing sushi at home and don't trust your local fish monger enough to eat his salmon raw, you can use gravlax instead).

Gravlax is really two words, 'grav' meaning 'grave' or 'tomb' and 'lax' meaning 'salmon'. See also snorlax.