Rosa Luxembourg, (1871 -1919) a socialist and feminist, was a leader and revolutionary. Originally from Poland, she fled to Switzerland in 1889 to avoid imprisonment for her political activities. In 1898 she moved to Germany, where she married a German worker to attain citizenship. She became a part of the German Social Democratic Party (SPD). She participated in the Russian revolution of 1905 and was imprisoned. When WWI broke out and her prison sentence ended she formed the Spartacists, a revolutionary faction inside the SPD, with Karl Liebknecht. She was imprisoned again for her opposition of WWI, but again, emerged to lead the German revolution in 1919, where she and her lover Liebknecht were arrested and murdered by German troops.