To tune a standard 6 string guitar to standard tuning (E A D G B E), use the following procedure:

  1. Match the pitch of the A string (second from the top, second thickest one). Use another instrument, tuning fork or pitch pipe. You can also use an electronic device (called chromatic tuners or automatic tuners.)
  2. Next, tune the low E string (the thickest one, the one on top). Fret the string on the fifth fret, and pluck it and the A string open. They should produce the same tone. Alter the tuning of the E string until they do. When they are close, the sounds of the two strings will wabble. As the wabble decreases in speed, the pitches are getting closer together. When the wabble stops, then you've got it.
  3. Tune the D string open to the same pitch as the fifth fret on the A string using the above procedure.
  4. Tune the G string open to the same pitch as the fifth fret on the D string open.
  5. Tune the B string open to the same pitch as the FOURTH fret on the G string open.
  6. Tune the high E string open to the same pitch as the fifth fret on the B string open.

You are done! Use this procedure with different frets to achieve alternative tunings