According to the
Child Soldiers Global Report 2004, there are indications that child soldiers (defined in the report as "any person under the age of 18 who is a member of or attached to government armed forces
or any other regular or irregular armed force or armed political group, whether or not an
armed conflict exists") are currently recruited or in use by the following countries:
- Afghanistan*
- The first American casualty in the War on Terror was killed here by a 14-year old sniper.
- Algeria
- Angola*
- 36 percent of all Angolan children have either served as soldiers or accompanied troops into combat.
- Armenia
- Australia
- As of the 2004 report, Australia had 250 minors in its armed forces, only 12 of which were fully trained.
- Austria
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Bangladesh
- Barbados
- Belarus
- Bolivia
- Botswana
- Brazil
- Brunei Darussalam
- Burkina Faso
- Burundi*
- Up to 14,000 children have participated in battle, some as young as twelve.
- Cameroon
- Canada
- As of the 2004 report, Canada had "About 1,000 young people aged between 16 and 19 ... serving in the regular armed forces, with a further 5,000 in the reserves." The report also notes that, in Canada, "Under-18s may not be deployed in armed conflict under the 1985 National Defence Act."
- Cape Verde
- Central African Republic*
- Chad*
- Chile
- China
- Colombia*
- More than 11,000 children are currently being used as soldiers.
- Comoros
- Democratic Republic of the Congo*
- Between 30,000 - 50,000 child soldiers are currently involved in the conflict here, comprising one third of all combatants.
- Republic of Congo*
- Cote d'Ivoire*
- Currently has 3,000 estimated child soldiers.
- Cuba
- Cyprus
- Dominican Republic
- El Salvador
- During its civil war, this country had at one point approximately 48,000 child soldiers, which would have composed 80 percent of its military.
- Eritrea
- Estonia
- Ethiopia
- France
- The voluntary recruitment age in this country is 17.
- Germany
- The voluntary recruitment age in this country is 17.
- Ghana
- Guinea*
- Guinea-Bissau
- Haiti
- Hungary
- India*
- Indonesia*
- Iran*
- Iraq*
- During the war that ended Saddam's regime, child soldiers were encountered by American troops in the cities of Nasariya, Karbala, and Kirkuk.
- Ireland
- Israel*
- Italy
- The voluntary recruitment age in this country is 17, although 17-year olds are prohibited from participating in battle.
- Jamaica
- Jordan
- Kenya
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea
- Republic of Korea
- Kyrgyzstan
- Lao People's Democratic Republic
- Lebanon
- Lesotho
- Liberia*
- Libya
- Luxembourg
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Malaysia
- Maldives
- Malta
- Mauritania
- Mexico
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Myanmar*
- Has the highest number of child soldiers in the world, 75,000.
- Nepal*
- Netherlands
- New Zealand
- Nigeria
- Occupied Palestinian Territories*
- Pakistan
- Papua New Guinea
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Phillippines*
- The New People's Army is thought to have around 1,000 child soldiers
- Poland
- Russian Federation*
- Rwanda*
- The 1994 genocide here had thousands of child participants
- San Marino
- Sao Tome and Principe
- Serbia and Montenegro
- Seychelles
- Sierra Leone*
- The RUF is known for their enthusiastic recruitment and use of children in battle.
- Singapore
- Slovenia
- Solomon Islands
- Somalia*
- Boys 14-18 regularly fight in warlord militias
- Sri Lanka*
- The LTTE has become infamous for their victorious 1996 attack on the Multavi military complex, which was essentially comprised of wave after wave of "Baby Brigade" fighters.
- Sudan*
- Allegedly, child soldiers in the Sudan People's Liberation Army are so well-disciplined that they are capable of laying effective ambushes for attack helicopters.
- Tajikistan
- United Republic of Tanzania
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Turkmenistan
- Uganda*
- Ukraine
- United Arab Emirates
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- This country has a minimum recruitment age of 16, with 6,000-7,000 under-18s serving in their armed forces as of 2004. According to the report, "The government said it would no longer deploy under-18s in
hostilities although it reserved the right to do so in some circumstances."
- United States of America
- At least 62 17 year old soldiers participated in Afghanistan and Iraq between 2003 and 2004. The United States recieves approximately 10,000 17-year olds into its armed forces each year.
- Vietnam
- Yemen*
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
* - Indicates that child soldiers are involved in active combat in this country.
Sources:
Child Soldiers Global Report 2004
Children at War by P.W. Singer
Armies of the Young: Child Soldiers in War and Terrorism by David M. Rosen
Young Soldiers: Why They Choose to Fight by Rachel Brett and Irma Specht