Ancient See of Aarhus in Denmark
(ARUSIA, ARUSIENSIS).
The diocese included the provinces (amter) of Aarhus and Randers,
the islands of Samsø and Tunø, and, after 1396, part of the
province of Viborg. Frode, King of Jutland, built the church of
the Holy Trinity at Aarhus about 900. In 948 Archbishop Adaldag of
Hamburg consecrated Reginbrand as missionary Bishop of Aarhus.
After the latter's death in 988 all Jutland was united in one
diocese, with Ribe or Viborg as its centre. It was redivided in
1060, and one Christian was ordained Bishop of Aarhus by
Adalbert I, Archbishop of Hamburg. Another bishop, Ulfketil (1102-34)
planned the town of Aarhus. The warlike Svend Udsson (1166-91) founded the Cistercian abbey at Øm. His successor, Peter Vagnsen,
began in 1201 the Cathedral of St. Clement. Near it lay the wooden
church built by Bishop Ulfketil in 1102 to contain the relics of
St. Clement. About 1150 the Venerable Niels, Prince of Denmark,
died and was buried in St. Clement's churchyard. The offerings at
his tomb facilitated the commencement of the new stone cathedral.
This was finished about 1263, but in 1330 the greater part of it
was burnt down. Peder Jensen Lodehat (1386-95) and Bo Magnussen
(1395-1423) were the prelates mainly concerned in the erection of
the fine building extant to-day. The last Catholic bishop,
Ove Bilde (imprisoned 1536), and Paulus Heliae, prior of the Carmelite
monastery at Elsinore, attempted in vain to stay the progress of
the Reformation at Aarhus. There were in the diocese: a chapter
with 34 prebendaries at Aarhus cathedral; Benedictines at
Essenbeck, Voer, Alling, and Veirlov; Augustinian Canons at Tvilum,
Cistercians at Øm, who survived till 1560; and Carthusians at
Aarhus. There were also Franciscans at Horsens and Randers,
Dominicans at Aarhus, Horsens, and Randers, Carmelites and a
hospital of the Holy Spirit at Aarhus. There were Hospitallers of
St. John till 1568 at Horsens. Lastly there were Brigittines at
Mariager from 1412 to 1592.
At Aarhus there is now a Jesuits' college with a fine church, as
well as a large hospital in charge of the Sisters of St. Joseph of
Chambery, who also have hospitals at Horsens and Randers, which
last two towns also contain Catholic churches.
BAUDRILLART, Dictionnaire d'histoire ecclesiastique, I (Paris, 1909-12), coll.
3, 4; Scriptores rerum danicarum, V, 231-302; VI, 176-519; VII, 209-216;
HOFFMEYER, Blade af Aarhus Bys Historie, I (Copenhagen, 1904-06).
A.W. TAYLOR
Transcribed by Herman F. Holbrook
Domini est terra et plenitudo eius.
The 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia, with corrections provided by liveforever.