I've also seen it used for other religious figures in Muslim settings. Oddly, pretty much the exact same phrase is used (in Hebrew) among Jews after the name of a deceased person. Not just prophets, but even things like "...I got this from my grandmother ('aleha ha-shalom)." For some reason, I've never seen it used in English in these cases. It's either said or written as a Hebrew abbreviation (or even occasionally abbreviating the Hebrew words with English letters, as {A"H} (the " is commonly used for abbreviations in Hebrew)). I wonder why Jews don't use the phrase in English? It's not like it's particularly sacred or anything.

Other phrases used in such settings among Jews include "may his memory be for a blessing," or "may the memory of the righteous one be for a blessing" (if you really want to compliment the decedent). These are used rather more for men than women. There are also some stock phrases (and associated abbreviations) for following the names of living people.