This result came as something of a surprise to me, because it seems so simple yet so final. The reason for it is wonderfully straight-forward: All integers can be represented as 6k+m, where m ε {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, and k is some integer. This is obvious. Therefore:
m=0: 6k is divisible by 6. Not prime
m=1: 6k+1 has no immediate factors. May be prime.
m=2: 6k+2 = 2 x (3k+1). Not prime
m=3: 6k+3 = 3 x (2k+1). Not prime
m=4: 6k+4 = 2 x (3k+2). Not prime
m=5: 6k+5 has no immediate factors. May be prime.
Therefore the only candidates for primacy are 6k+1 and 6k+5. 6k+5 = 6m-1 for m=k+1. Therefore, all primes are of the form 6n±1 for some integer n.
This result is useful when writing a prime net program for very slow devices (e.g. a graphical calculator), because the program can be saved the overhead of checking obvious multiples of three for primacy. It has other uses, of course, but that one sprang to mind.