A list of enemies. The most famous enemies list in American History is Richard Nixon's. One of the charges during the Watergate Hearing was that President Nixon abused his powers to get back at the people on his enemies list. These days, it's a point of pride among some liberals to be able to say, "I was on Nixon's enemies list."

Richard Nixon's original enemies list was actually quite short -- it had only 20 names on it. The existence of the list was revealed in a Senate Watergate hearing in June 1973, in which it was also revealed that the list was intended to make it easier for the administration to "use the available federal machinery to screw our political enemies." Methods proposed included Administration manipulation of "grant availability, federal contracts, litigation, prosecution, etc."

The original list follows:

  1. Alexander E. Barkan, national director of A F.L.-C.I.O.'s committee on Political Education,
  2. Representative John Conyers of Michigan
  3. Maxwell Dane of the New York advertising firm of Doyle Dane Bernbach
  4. Sidney Davidoff, a former assistant to New York Mayor John V. Lindsay, later a partner at the New York law firm of Davidoff & Malito
  5. Representative Ronald V. Dellums of California
  6. S. Harrison Dogole, then the chairman of Globe Security Systems in Philadelphia
  7. Bernard T. Feld, president, Council for a Livable World
  8. Charles Dyson of Dyson Kissner-Moran Corporation in New York
  9. Edward Guthman, then the national news editor of The Los Angeles Times, later a professor of journalism at the University of Southern California
  10. Morton Halperin, a Henry Kissinger protege in the National Secunty Council, later with President Clinton's National Security Council staff
  11. Samuel M. Lambert, president, National Education Association
  12. Allard Lowenstein, Long Island, N.Y.
  13. Mary McGrory, then a Washington Star columnist
  14. Stewart Rawlings Mott, New York philanthropist
  15. Arnold M. Picker, United Artists Corp., N.Y.
  16. S. Sterling Munro Jr., aide to Senator Henry Jackson
  17. Paul Newman, actor
  18. Daniel Schorr, Columbia Broadcasting System, Washington
  19. Howard Stein, the chairman of Dreyfus Corporation in New York
  20. Leonard Woodcock, then the president of United Auto Workers

This list probably seemed as insane within the White House as it later appeared outside, and it was expanded, perhaps in the hope that a longer list would look more like a study of Nixon's opposition, and less like a list that a six-year-old would scrawl of people who would not be invited to his birthday party.

The longer list was broken into sections, as indicated below (the fact that black congressmen were listed separately from white is taken from the original text). The job descriptions below were current in 1973. Any updates can be put in the enemies' individual writeups. Though the expanded list clearly got a lot more attention within the administration than the original one had, it is still pretty sloppy. Chuck Colson's office (which had maintained the list) got some names and job descriptions wrong, and listed one person who had died a couple of years earlier. I've noted these more glaring errors in (parentheses).

Political Opponents

Senators
  1. Birch Bayh
  2. J. W. Fulbright
  3. Fred R. Harris
  4. Harold Hughes
  5. Edward M. Kennedy
  6. George McGovern
  7. Walter Mondale
  8. Edmund Muskie
  9. Gaylord Nelson
  10. William Proxmire

Members of the House

  1. Bella Abzug
  2. William R. Anderson
  3. John Brademas
  4. Father Robert F. Drinan
  5. Robert Kastenmeier
  6. Wright Patman

Black congressmen

  1. Shirley Chisholm
  2. William Clay
  3. George Collins
  4. John Conyers
  5. Ronald Dellums
  6. Charles Diggs
  7. Augustus Hawkins
  8. Ralph Metcalfe
  9. Robert N.C. Nix
  10. Parren Mitchell
  11. Charles Rangel
  12. Louis Stokes

Miscellaneous politicos

  1. John V. Lindsay, mayor, New York City
  2. Eugene McCarthy, former U.S senator
  3. George Wallace, governor, Alabama

Organizations

  1. Black Panthers, Hughie (Huey) Newton
  2. Brookings Institution, Lesley Gelb and others
  3. Business Executives Move for VN Peace, Herb Niles, national chairman, Vincent McGee. executive director
  4. Committee for an Effective Congress. Russell Hemingwav
  5. Common Cause, John Gardner, Morton Halper, Charles Goodell, Walter Hickel
  6. COPE, Alexander E Barkan
  7. Council for a Livable World, Bernard T. Feld, pr idem: professor of physics. MIT
  8. Farmers Union, NFO
  9. Institute of (for) Policy study Richard Barn, Marcus Raskin
  10. National Economic Council, Inc
  11. National Education Association, Sam M. Lambe president
  12. National Student Association, Charles Palm president
  13. National Welfare Rights Organization, George Wiley
  14. Potomac Associates, William Watts
  15. SANE, Sanford Gottleib
  16. Southern Christian Leadership, Ralph Abernathy;
  17. Third National Convocation on the Challenge of Building Peace, Robert V Roosa, chairman
  18. Businessmen's Educational Fund.

Labor

  1. Karl Feller president, International Union United Brewery. Flour, Cereal, Soft Drink and Distillery Workers, Cincinnati
  2. Harold J. Gibbons, international vice preside Teamsters
  3. A F Grospiron, president, Oil, Chemical Atomic Workers International Union, Denver
  4. Matthew Guinan, president, Transport Work. Union of America, New York City
  5. Paul Jennings, president, International Union Electrical, Radio & Machine Workers, Washington D.C.
  6. Herman D. Kenin, vice president, AFL-CIO. D
  7. Lane Kirkland, secretary-treasurer. AFL-CIO (we must deal with him)
  8. Frederick O'Neal. president. Actors and Artists America, New York City
  9. William Pollock, president, Textile Workers Union of America, New York City
  10. Jacob Potofsky general president, Amalgam. Clothing Workers of America, New York City
  11. Leonard Woodcock, president, United Auto Workers, Detroit
  12. Jerry Wurf, international president, American Federal, State, County and Municipal Employ Washington D.C.
  13. Nathaniel Goldfinger, AFL-CIO
  14. I. W. Abel, Steelworkers

Media

  1. Jack Anderson, columnist, "Washington Merry-Go-Round"
  2. Jim Bishop, author, columnist, King Features Syndicate
  3. Thomas Braden, columnist, Los Angeles Times Syndicate
  4. D.J.R. Bruckner, Los Angeles Times Syndicate
  5. Marquis Childs, chief Washington correspondent, St. Louis Post Dispatch
  6. James Deakin, White House correspondent, St. Louis Post Dispatch
  7. James Doyle, Washington Star
  8. Richard Dudman, St. Louis Post Dispatch
  9. William Eaton, Chicago Daily News
  10. Rowland Evans Jr., syndicated columnist, Publishers Hall
  11. Saul Friedmann, Knight Newspapers, syndicated columnist
  12. Clayton Fritchey, syndicated columnist Washington correspondent. Harpers
  13. George Frazier, Boston Globe
  14. Pete Hamill, New York Post
  15. Michael Harrington, author and journal member, executive committee Socialist party
  16. Sydney Harris, columnist, drama critic and writer of 'Strictly Personal,' syndicated Publishers Hall
  17. Robert Healy, Boston Globe
  18. William Hines, Jr., journalist. science education, Chicago Sun-Times
  19. Stanley Karnow, foreign correspondent, Washington Post
  20. Ted Knap, syndicated columnist, New York Daily News
  21. Edwin Knoll, Progressive
  22. Morton Kondracke, Chicago Sun Times
  23. Joseph Kraft, syndicated columnist, Publishers Hall
  24. James Laird, Philadelphia Inquirer
  25. Max Lerner, syndicated columnist, New York Post: author, lecturer, professor (Brandeis University)
  26. Stanley Levey, Scripps Howard
  27. Flora Lewis syndicated columnist on economics
  28. Stuart Loory, Los Angeles Times
  29. Mary McGrory, syndicated columnist on New Left
  30. Frank Mankiewicz, syndicated columnist Los Angeles Times
  31. James Millstone, St. Louis Post Disptach
  32. Martin Nolan, Boston Globe
  33. Ed Guthman, Los Angeles Ttmes
  34. Thomas O'Neill, Baltimore Sun (died in April 1971)
  35. John Pierson, Wall Street Journal
  36. William Prochnau, Seattle Times
  37. James Reston, New York Times
  38. Carl Rowan, syndicated columnist, Publishers Hall
  39. Warren Unna, Washington Post, NET
  40. Harriet Van Home, columnist, New York Post
  41. Milton Viorst, reporter, author, writer
  42. James Wechsler, New York Post
  43. Tom Wicker, New York Times
  44. Gary Wills. syndicated columnist, author of "Nixon-Agonistes"
  45. The New York Times
  46. Washington Post
  47. St Louis Post Dispatch
  48. Jules Duscha, Washingtonian
  49. Robert Manning, editor, Atlantic
  50. John Osborne, New Republic
  51. Richard Rovere, New Yorker
  52. Robert Sherrill, Nation
  53. Paul Samuelson, Newsweek
  54. Julian Goodman, chief executive officer, NBC
  55. John Macy, Jr., president, Public Broadcasting Corp, former Civil Service Commission
  56. Marvin Kalb, CBS
  57. Daniel Schorr, CBS
  58. Lem Tucker, NBC
  59. Sander Vanocur, NBC

Celebrities

  1. Carol Channing, actress
  2. Bill Cosby, actor
  3. Jane Fonda, actress
  4. Steve McQueen, actor
  5. Joe Namath, New York Giants (Jets); business; actor
  6. Paul Newman, actor
  7. Gregory Peck actor
  8. Tony Randall actor
  9. Barbra Streisand, actress
  10. Dick Gregory (comedian)

Businessmen

  1. Charles B Beneson, president, Beneson Realty Co.
  2. Nelson Bengston, president, Bengston & Co.
  3. Holmes Brown, vice president, public relations, Continental Can Co.
  4. Benjamin Buttenweiser, limited partner, Kuhn, Loeb & Co.
  5. Lawrence G. Chait, chairman Lawrence G. Chait & Co., Inc.
  6. Ernest R. Chanes, president, Consolidated Water Conditioning Co.
  7. Maxwell Dane, chairman, executive committee, Doyle, Dane & Bernbach, Inc.
  8. Charles H. Dyson, chairman, the Dyson-Kissner Corp.
  9. Norman Eisner, president, Lincoln Graphic Arts.
  10. Charles B. Finch, vice president, Alleghany Power System, Inc.
  11. Frank Heineman, president, Men's Wear International.
  12. George Hillman, president, Ellery Products Manufacturing Co.
  13. Bertram Lichtenstein, president, Delton Ltd.
  14. William Manealoff, president, Concord Steel Corp.
  15. Gerald McKee, president, McKee, Berger, Mansueto.
  16. Paul Milstein, president, Circle Industries Corp.
  17. Stewart R. Mott, Stewart R. Mott, Associates.
  18. Lawrence S. Phillips, president, Phillips-Van Heusen Corp.
  19. David Rose chairman, Rose Associates.
  20. Julian Roth senior partner, Emery Roth & Sons.
  21. William Ruder, president, Ruder & Finn, Inc.
  22. Si Scharer, president, Scharer Associates, Inc.
  23. Alfred P. Slaner, president, Kayser-Roth Corp.
  24. Roger Sonnabend, chairman, Sonesta International Hotels.

Business Additions

  1. Business Executives Move for Vietnam Peace and New National Priorities
  2. Morton Sweig, prsident. National Cleaning Contractors
  3. Alan V. Tishman, executive vice president, Tishman Realty & Construction Co., Inc.
  4. Ira D. Wallach, president, Gottesman & Co., Inc.
  5. George Weissman, president, Philip Morris Corp.
  6. Ralph Weller, president, Otis Elevator Company

Business

  1. Clifford Alexander, Jr., member, Equal Opportunity Commission; LBJ's special assistant
  2. Hugh Calkins, Cleveland lawyer, member, Harvard Corp
  3. Ramsey Clark, partner, Weiss, Goldberg, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison; former attorney general
  4. Lloyd Cutler, lawyer, Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering. Washington, D.C.
  5. Henry L. Kimelman, chief fund raiser for McGovern. president, Overview Group
  6. Raymond Lapin, former president, FNMA; corporation executive
  7. Hans F. Loeser, chairman, Boston Lawyers' Vietnam Committee
  8. Robert McNamara, president, World Bank; former Secretary of Defense
  9. Hans Morgenthau, former US. attorney in New York City (Robert Morgenthau).
  10. Victor Palmieri, lawyer, business consultant, real estate executive, Los Angeles.
  11. Arnold Picker, Muskie's chief fund raiser; chairman executive committee, United Artists
  12. Robert S. Pirie, Harold Hughes' chief fund raiser: Boston lawyer.
  13. Joseph Rosenfield, Harold Hughes' money man; retired Des Moines lawyer.
  14. Henry Rowen, president, Rand Corp., former assistant director of budget (LBJ)
  15. R Sargent Shriver, Jr., former US. ambassador to France; lawyer, Strasser, Spiefelberg, Fried, Frank & Kempelman, Washington, D.C. (1972 Democratic vice presidential candidate)
  16. Theodore Sorensen, lawyer, Weiss, Goldberg, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison, New York.
  17. Ray Stark, Broadway producer.
  18. Howard Stein, president and director, Dreyfus Corporation.
  19. Milton Semer, chairman, Muskie Election Committee; lawyer, Semer and Jacobsen
  20. George H. Talbot, president, Charlotte Liberty Mutual Insurance Co. ; headed anti-Vietnam ad
  21. Arthur Taylor, vice president, International Paper Company (presently CBS president)
  22. Jack Valenti, president, Motion Picture Association.
  23. Paul Warnke, Muskie financial supporter, former assistant secretary of defense
  24. Thomas I. Watson, Jr., Muskie financial supporter; chairman, IBM

Academics

  1. Michael Ellis De Bakey, chairman, department of surgery, Baylor University; surgeon-in-chief, Ben Taub General Hospital. Texas
  2. Derek Curtis Bok, dean, Harvard Law School (later Harvard president)
  3. Kingman Brewster, Jr., president, Yale University.
  4. McGeorge Bundy, president, Ford Foundation.
  5. Avram Noam Chomsky, professor of modern languages, MIT
  6. Daniel Ellsberg, professor, MIT.
  7. George Drennen Fischer, member, executive committee. National Education Association
  8. J. Kenneth Galbraith, professor of economics, Harvard
  9. Patricia Harris, educator, lawyer, former US. ambassador; chairman welfare committee Urban League
  10. Walter Heller, regents professor of economics, University of Minnesota
  11. Edwin Land, professor of physics, MIT.
  12. Herbert Ley, Jr., former FDA commissioner; professor of epidemiology, Harvard.
  13. Matthew Stanley Meselson, professor of biology, Harvard
  14. Lloyd N. Morrisett, professor and associate director, education program, University of Calif
  15. Joseph Rhodes, Jr., fellow, Harvard; member, Scranton commission on Campus Unrest
  16. Bayard Rustin, civil rights activist; director, A. Philip Randolph Institute, New York.
  17. David Selden, president, American Federation of Teachers.
  18. Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., professor of humanities, City University of New York
  19. Jeremy Stone, director, Federation of American Scienlists
  20. Jerome Wiesner, president, MIT.
  21. Samuel M. Lambert, president, National Education Association

I am proud to have met and spent time with a number of these folk, including Galbraith, Chomsky, Bok, and Ramsey Clark.

Sources:
New York Times Magazine, January 1, 1995
Facts on File, Watergate and the White House, vol. 1, pages 96-97. as it appears at http://www.artsci.wustl.edu/~polisci/calvert/PolSci3103/watergate/enemy.htm
kudos to mat catastrophe, who pointed me to the Facts on File source.

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