Thomas A. Anderson

The real name of Neo, the One. Used for dramatic emphasis by the many Agents he encounters. When he is fighting the agent in the subway, the agent says, "Goodbye, Mr. Anderson.", at which time Neo rebuts by stating, "My name...is Neo." At which point he proceeds to smash the agent against the ceiling, jump out of the way of an oncoming train, and watch as the agent becomes one with the bugs on the windshield.

Neo's original name from The Matrix and, as pointed out to me by the teacher of my Early Christianity course, a gnostic reference.

Thomas: For Saint Thomas, or "Doubting Thomas," the apostle credited as founder of the gnostic sect and patron of Syria.

Anderson: From Andros' son, or The Son of Man, the messiah.

And of course, "Neo" itself is an anagram of The One.