The pandeiro is a descendent of the square framed Portuguese [adufe] which missionaries and settlers brought to [South America] in the 16th century. The instrument was quickly adopted into the diverse cultures and musical traditions of [Brazil]. As early as the mid 17th century the pandeiro was becoming a part of Afro-Brazilian music. Indeed, in early Brazil, the pandeiro could have just as easily been found accompanying strings and flute in an aristocrat's parlor as providing entrancing percussion for a [Candomble] ritual.
\r\nThe pandeiro is still popular today and continues to be heard in various types of Brazilian music. The traditional thumb first striking approach has been expanded on with different patterns and techniques that involve a lower tuning of the drumhead and sounding bass notes with the fingers, along with other [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qOKMskS-EQY|more virtuosic approaches]. The most notable innovator of modern pandeiro rhythms is Brazilian percussion master [Marcos Suzano] who came up with more [funk] and [rock] oriented rhythms and has spread his gospel as an educator and performer. His popularity and approach to the pandeiro has helped elevate its status to a point where a pandeiro player might come forward to solo or even be the leader of a band.
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* [nosce] informs me that this would translate into \"drum set in the pocket\" My translation was taken from the book cited below.
\r\nSources: [Music of Northeast Brazil] by [Larry Crook]
\r\nWikipedia.org
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