Rebellion, led by Husayn ibn Ali, against the Ottoman Empire, during World War I.
Before the outbreak of WWI, Husayn ibn Ali had been instated as sharif of Mecca by the Ottoman government. In 1915, he initiated negotiations with Great Britain about military collaboration. Promised British support for the establishment of an independent Arab state, he led the Arabs in an insurrection against the Ottomans.
The uprising began in 1916, and Husayn ibn Ali's troops fought until the end of the war on the side of the allies. After the war, however, the allies reneged on their promise of support for Arab independence.