A latent
earworm (or eye-worm, nose-worm or whatnot depending on what perception is being recalled) reactivated into virulence by a reference or allusion - stimulation of the long-forgotten part of the brain where the experience finally quietly settled down to.
A good example of this would be hearing the title of a catchy pop song from years of yore (say, Don't Worry, Be Happy) and instantly having it going off non-stop in your head just from having read its title.
From the German hernwurm.