Emmy Noether (person) by Noether

1882-1935. Born in Erlangen, Bavaria. Her last two years were in the USA in Bryn Mawr and Princeton. She was the daughter of Max Noether.
She established the primary decomposition for commutative Noetherian rings in her 1921 paper Idealtheorie in Ringbereichen. Math. Ann. 83 24-66.
(x²,xy)=(x²) intersect (x,y) is an example of a primary decomposition in the polynomial ring k[x,y].
Noetherian rings are named after her. A ring is right Noetherian if it has the ascending chain condition on right ideals. That is, every ascending chain of right ideals eventually stablises.
She also has a lunar crater named after her.
Early in her career Nöther had to fight against prejudice to teach at Göttingen. Hilbert helped her by announcing her lectures under his name.
As a Jew she has dismissed from Göttingen in 1933. She left for the USA, dying a couple of years later.

Noether's theorem	Noetherian	Ring	David Hilbert
decomposition	Primary	mathematical physics	principal ideal domain
Polynomial	Commutative	Crater	nicotine
stable	Buchberger's algorithm	conservation of angular momentum	Landau
condition	Bryn Mawr College	prejudice	chain
June 13, 2009	Saunders MacLane	Emil Artin	The Confessions of Max Tivoli