An
analog compontent that acts like a
transistor, except that instead of
voltage or
current, the
gate reacts to
light: Whenever a
photon hits the gate, the transistor lets some number of
electrons pass through its
substrate. Phototransistors are rarely found in
solar cells, because they require a
bias voltage in order to work, unlke their cousins the
photodiodes. They are more useful as elements in
light sensors: Tie a voltage source and a
resistor to the
source, then measure the
source voltage, which will go
lower as light increases. Phototransistors are also used in
opto-isolators.