Electromagnetically Induced Transparency is a Nobel Prize-winning technique of reducing the light absorption of a solid object by shining electromagnetic waves (in this case - microwaves) on it, tuned to the resonance frequency of the object. What this does is actually excite the electrons of the atoms inside the object to certain energy levels. The change in structure in the atoms allows another beam of light - a probe laser, for instance, to pass through the object at a particular angle.

This technique has been used by physicists to observe the slowdown effects of light waves through objects, and the refractive index (the measure of how much the object slows and bends light).

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