Udon Thani is both a city and a province in Northeastern or Issan(also spelt Isarn) Thailand. Geographically Udon is located on the Khorat plateau. Located south of Nong Khai and Khon Kaen.

Although Udon is located in Thailand, the commonly spoken language is not Thai. Issan is the language that is spoken amongst the locals, although most are also fluent in Thai as well. Issan is a language very similiar to Laotian.

Early in Udon's history, the population was very low. Although during the Vietnam war the population sky-rocketed, with the addition of an American airforce base, and army base. The base has been in ownership of the Thai Royal Forces, since 1976. This has caused Udon to become a large city and become the regional centre.

The province is very well known for its historical site Ban Chiang. Ban Chiang is controversially believed by some to be the birth place of modern metal working.

The province is divided into 18 Amphoe(counties/districts pronounced "Umper")

1. Mueang Udon Thani (capital)
2. Kut Chap
3. Nong Wua So
4. Kumphawapi
5. Non Sa-at
6. Nong Han
7. Thung Fon
8. Chai Wan
9. Si That
10. Wang Sam Mo
11. Ban Dung
12. Ban Phue
13. Nam Som
14. Phen
15. Sang Khom
16. Nong Saeng
17. Na Yung
18. Phibun Rak