Thoroughbred horses are bred for speed and endurance. They are the fastest equines in the world, running at speeds of 40 mph.
The breed's ancestors began with three Arabian sires (the Darley Arabian, the Godolphin Arabian and the Byerly Turk), who were brought to England from the Middle East and bred to native mares in the 17th century. The General Stud Book was established in 1791 and traces all thoroughbreds back to the three foundation sires.
Thoroughbreds cannot be reproduced via artificial insemination and be Jockey Club registered. The racing industry is a vital sport which employs thousands. Ex-racers are used in many disciplines, as are those bred but not raced. Averaging 16 hands high, this mighty and athletic horse excels in eventing and hunting, although it can be used for dressage, show jumping and is very popular in polo. The animal is highly intelligent, quick and eager to please, though typically high strung and more temperamental than other breeds.