The Great Ideas : A Lexicon of Western Thought. by Mortimer Adler. A massive cross-reference of fundamental topics of Western philosophy, from the ancient Greeks to present-day.

1. Angel
2. Animal
3. Aristocracy
4. Art
5. Astronomy
6. Beauty
7. Being
8. Cause
9. Chance
10. Change
11. Citizen
12. Constitution
13. Courage
14. Custom & Convention
15. Definition
16. Democracy
17. Desire
18. Dialectic
19. Duty
20. Education
21. Element
22. Emotion
23. Eternity
24. Evolution
25. Experience
26. Family
27. Fate
28. Form
29. God
30. Good & Evil
31. Government
32. Habit
33. Happiness
34. History
35. Honor
36. Hypothesis
37. Idea
38. Immortality
39. Induction
40. Infinity
41. Judgement
42. Justice
43. Knowledge
44. Labor
45. Language
46. Law
47. Liberty
48. Life & Death
49. Logic
50. Love
51. Man
52. Mathematics
53. Matter
54. Mechanics
55. Medicine
56. Memory & Imagination
57. Metaphysics
58. Mind
59. Monarchy
60. Nature
61. Necessity & Contingency
62. Oligarchy
63. One & Many
64. Opinion
65. Opposition
66. Philosophy
67. Physics
68. Pleasure & Pain
69. Poetry
70. Principle
71. Progress
72. Prophecy
73. Prudence
74. Punishment
75. Quality
76. Quantity
77. Reasoning
78. Revelation
79. Religion
80. Revolution
81. Rhetoric
82. Same & Other
83. Science
84. Sense
85. Sign & Symbol
86. Sin
87. Slavery
88. Soul
89. Space
90. State
91. Temperance
92. Theology
93. Time
94. Truth
95. Tyranny
96. Universal & Particular
97. Virtue & Vice
98. War & Peace
99. Wealth
100. Will
101. Wisdom
102. World

I'd like to take this opportunity to note that contrary to theonomist's reaction, rational Western thought on most of the Great Ideas is founded on the work of Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, and their contemporaries. Pre-Christian, and largely unconcerned with Judaism.