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Streptomycin
created by
witnie
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witnie
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Wed Dec 13 2000 at 9:51:14
The
antibiotic
streptomycin
inhibit
s initiation and causes misreading of
mRNA
in
prokaryote
s (bacteria). Very effective against
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
, the "bug" causing
tuberculosis
, but also used in veterinary medicine and against plant infections.
Streptomycin is produced by
Streptomyces griseus
and contains three groups: N-
methyl
-L-2-
glucosamine
, a methyl
pentose
and an
inositol
derivative with two
guanidyl
residues (therefore I'm not even trying to draw it here).
This tri
saccharide
interferes with the binding of formylmethionyl-tRNA to
ribosome
s, therefore the mRNA that arrives at the ribosomes with the intention to be
translated
into a
protein
never occurs. But if it gets that far for the translation to start, misreading occurs because the streptomycin causes
isoleucine
(with
triplet
AUU) to be build in too, when only a
phenylalanine
(UUU) is ment to go into the
polypeptide
chain, resulting in a "wrong" protein.
Well, this for the good old days of
sensitivity
to antibiotics. Because initially only several bacteria were
resistant
to streptomycin, it was fairly easy to find out the trick of the resistant bacteria. It appeared to be just one
point mutation
, the so-called
30S
subunit of the
ribosome
. Even more precisely: the protein S12 is the key to sensitivity. Transfer of the resistance between bacteria occurs via the
R-plasmid
s.
printable version
chaos
antibiotic
A Swiftly Tilting Planet
spectinomycin
A-factor
chloramphenicol
prokaryote
carboplatin
Klingon
Streptomyces
Plasmid
bacteria
mRNA
Tuberculosis
ribosome
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