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Passive component
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Fri Apr 18 2003 at 16:59:47
A passive
component
is one that does not have the ability to change its properties like a
semiconductor
, but performs a basic electrical function due to its construction and materials. There five types:
Capacitor
s
These are energy storage devices. They have layers of insulating material called a
dielectric
sandwiched between layers of
conductor
, and
electron
s build up at the layer
junction
s.
Resistor
s
These limit current in a
circuit
, useful for changing
voltage
. Most are made by mixing
graphite
powder and clay, with the resistance determined by the clay/carbon ratio. Some are also made by coiling a wire tightly, basically creating a really long path to limit
current
flow (These were the first type made.)
Inductor
s
These are coils of wire that store energy in the form of a
magnetic field
. The inductance is directly proportional to the
radius
of the coil and number of turns.
Transformer
s
These are square or round rings made of stacks of sheet metal that are wrapped in wire, using the magnetic field created to convert voltage. There is a wire for source current and a wire for the output current, with the number of windings on each length of wire determining the voltage conversion.
Fuse
s
These are protection devices that burn out or change their
physical characteristics
when the current in the line goes above a preset limit. A fuse can have a simple metal strip that melts, or be made from
polymeric positive-temperature-coefficient
material that changes from
conductive
to non-conductive when heated by excess current. The latter is referred to as a resettable fuse, as it goes back to a conductive state once it cools down.
printable version
chaos
braking resistor
Optical fuse
nuisance trip
recovery rate
Circuit Analysis
residual current device
Transformer
Analog noise
Ground fault circuit interruptor
Inductive proximity sensor
filter
Should I stay or should I go?
Passive Aggressive
component
current
voltage
magnetic field
Polymeric
semiconductor
Dielectric
electronics
Capacitive proximity sensor
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