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Panchatantra
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An
Indian
work of
moral
ly enlightening tales in
Sanskrit
origin
ating around 500 A.D.
The background of the tales is the
education
of four
slovenly
princes in the
kingdom
of Mahilaropya about the finer aspects of
political science
and morals by a
skill
ed
pundit
called
Vishnu
Sharman.
The literal meaning of Panchatantra is five tantras or
science
s
They are labelled as follows:
The separation of
friend
s. This is a story of a deep
friendship
between a lion and bull which is destroyed by two
crafty
jackals for their own ends.
The acquisition of friends.
The crows and the owls. A story about a feud between the crows and owls involving elements of
espionage
,
double dealing
and
manipulation
.
Losing what has been gained.
Thoughtless
actions.
The stories are usually about
animal
s and each story has several sub-stories within it , usually told by the
character
s in the story. The level of
story
nest
ing goes upto 5 levels deep in a couple of cases!
A distinction that some of the tales from the Panchatantra have in contrast with with other similar tales like
Aesop's fables
or the
Jataka tales
is that , cunning and deceit are not shown as
a bad thing
but as a
powerful
skill used by rulers to acheive their ends. This
illustrates
that the work is not just moral in nature but also
political
.
The animals who feature in the stories , are used in an
allegorical
way , representing not just talking animals but certain
stereotypical
classes of
people
in
society
.
The various
translation
s and
derived works
do little
justice
to the teachings and
concentrate
more on the story. In the original sanskrit version , the story plays a minor part and the
lecture
s given by the various characters are more prominent. Also some of the stories are not covered in any
translation
that has been published.
An excellent link for some of the stories is http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/panchatantra.html.
In India ,
Anant Pai
created a revolution in the comic book industry by creating a comic called
Amar Chitra Katha
(translates to
Eternal
Picture
Tale) which covered The Panchatantra , The
Mahabharata
, The
Ramayana
and almost every Indian mythological and
folk tale
.
A whole generation of kids have been raised on these comics which still provide a more healthy reading diet than the plethora of psychedelic super-hero comics by
Marvel Comics
et al.
printable version
chaos
Sanskrit Poetic Pyrotechnics
Marvel Comics
Sanskrit
Hinduism
Heat treatment of steel
Niccolò Machiavelli
Machiavelli
Translating folk tales
Prosciutto and Parmesan wafers
India
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