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Greek Dark Age

created by Anacreon

(thing) by Anacreon (2 mon) (print)   ?   (I like it!) Mon Jul 17 2000 at 21:42:31

A period in Greek history, starting with the Doric invasion and the consequenting fall of the Mycenean culture (though some historian claim that it was the other way around: the Doric invasion was made possible due to the vacuum created by the fall of the Mycenean culture), circa the 11th century BC, and ending with the emergence of Greek poleis in The Archaic Era circa the 8th century BC.

During that period of time we have no knowledge whatsoever of what occures in Greece and Asia Minor. There are no archaeological remains whatsoever, no written remains, no nothing!

In fact it seems as though the Mycenean writing (aka Linear B) was completely forgotten, and when writing reappears (not before the 7th century BC) it is already the Classic alphabeta.


(thing) by Gorgonzola (1.3 hr) (print)   ?   (I like it!) Tue Oct 03 2000 at 2:19:27

I will unload what little I know about this. It's mostly speculation, which is about all that historians can do with regards to this period.
The last hurrah of Mycenaean (aka Achaean) Greece seems to have been the Trojan War, which took place somewhere around 1250 BC. Around 1200 BC, a series of events caused Mycenaean civilization to fall apart. The warlike Achaeans may have exhausted themselves with the effort spent in the Trojan War; the changes wrought by the eruption of Thira around 1400 BC may have made cities untenable.

However, the most common explanation for Mycenae's disappearance is that a northern tribe of Greeks, known as the Dorians, invaded and overcame the Achaeans.

Homer's Odyssey may contain an echo of this invasion; when Odysseus returns home to Ithaca from his twenty years of travels/travails, he finds his house full of ruffians eating him out of house and home: the suitors of his wife Penelope. Although Homer states these to be Ithacan noblemen, Ithaca is a small place, and might not have been able to support that many noblemen. Perhaps one of the bards singing the story as oral tradition during the Dark Age changed it so as not to offend a Dorian overlord.

Another interesting speculation concerns the whereabouts of the Achaean Greeks after the Dorian invasion: At about the same time, raiders known as the "Sea Peoples" began to terrorize the Levantine coasts of Anatolia (Turkey) and later Israel, where they eventually settled, and were given the name of Philistines by the writer(s) of the Bible. It is widely considered plausible that these Sea Peoples/Philistines and the fleeing Achaean Greeks were one and the same.

There appears to be very little in the archaeological record about life in Greece during the Dark Age. However, around 750 BC, sheepherding settlements began to form back into cities, and writing reappeared. It was also about this time that the Iliad and the Odyssey were written down. The period of history we call Classical Greece had begun.

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The Creation of the Homeric Poems The Unspeakable Vice of the Greeks Timeline of Classical Greece basileus
Works And Days Akrotiri University of California Homeric Greek
The Concept of Mind Hari Seldon North Britain Trojan War
Mycenaean Odyssey Mycenae Achaean
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