The cobra, part of the family Elapidae, is probably the most immediately recognizeable genus of snake in the world. The trademark hood, which is flared as a defense mechanism in order to make the creature appear more menacing, is created by an extension of ribs about the head. They are also the most feared and deadly group of venomous reptile. The snakes' habitats range from the Philippines to Southern Asia and Africa.
There has been much debate among taxonomers regarding the differentiation between the African and Asian varieties of the snake. Venom researchers had noted differences for a relatively long time, but were unable to base them upon any sound systematic framework. Only recently, devotion to taxonomy on the parts of field researchers has made differentiation somewhat clear-cut.
Species are outlined below.
Asian Cobras, previously universally classified as naja naja, have been separated by field researchers into many sub-species. Despite the fact that they rarely attack without provocation, Asian Cobras are the cause of thousands of deaths each year in northern India. They have taken on an almost religious signifigance there, and are thus almost never killed.
African Cobras are probably more publicized than Asian Cobras because of more profound differences in appearance and behavior. Notably, the king cobra is the only species of snake to build a nest for its young. It does so by scraping together leaves and other fodder. King cobras are also the largest poisonous snakes in the world, averaging in at a length of roughly twelve feet.
|