This node is intended to be a brief guide to the main events in
Scottish history over the centuries. While it is impossible to include every event here, please /msg me with significant omissions.
7000 BC: Earliest known
mesolithic campsite at Kinloch.
c3000 BC: Maes Howe is built in the
Orkney Islands
3100 BC: Skara Brae is built in the
Orkney Islands
4th c BC: The
Celts reached the
British Isles.
1st c AD: The
Picts prevented the
Romans from penetrating far into
Scotland.
5th – 6th centuries:
Christianity is introduced to Scotland from Ireland. Scotland is divided into four kingdoms:
Dalriada,
Strathclyde,
Pictavia, and
Gododdin.
9th century:
Kenneth mac Alpin formed the first united kingdom of Scotland, becoming king of the Picts and Scots.
946:
Malcolm I conquered
Strathclyde.
1015:
Malcolm II conquered
Lothian.
1263: Scots defeated Norwegians at
Largs.
1266:
Norway ceded the
Western Isles to Scotland.
1292:
Edward I intervened in
Scottish affairs and granted the Scottish throne to
John Balliol.
1297:
William Wallace led the Scots to victory over
England at
Stirling Bridge.
1314:
Robert the Bruce defeated the English at
Bannockburn.
1328: Treaty of Edinburgh. England recognised
Scottish independence.
1371:
Robert II became first
Stewart king.
1513:
James IV and thousands of Scots were killed at
Flodden.
1540s – 1550s:
Calvinism introduced to Scotland by
John Knox.
1565:
Mary, Queen of Scots married
Lord Darnley, her cousin.
1566: Mary’s private secretary
Riccio murdered by rebel lords.
1567:
Lord Darnley murdered in
Edinburgh.
1568: Mary fled to safety in England.
1578:
James VI took over government from his regent,
James Douglas.
1587: Mary was beheaded by the English.
1592:
Presbyterianism became the established religion in Scotland.
1603: The
Union of the Crowns:
James VI of Scotland became
James I of England.
1638: Scottish ‘
Covenanters’ rebel against
King Charles.
1643: The ‘
Solemn League and Covenant’ promised Scots army to aid English parliamentarians against the king.
1651 – 1660:
Cromwell conquered Scotland.
1679:
Duke of Monmouth defeated covenanters at
Bothwell Brig.
1689:
Jacobite highlanders defeated army of
William III at
Killiecrankie, but were halted at
Dunkeld.
1692:
Glencoe massacre.
1707: The
Union of the Parliaments: the
Act of Union between England and Scotland was passed.
1715: First
Jacobite rebellion.
1745: Second
Jacobite rebellion.
18th and 19th centuries:
Highland clearances: tenants evicted to make way for sheep.
1914 – 1918:
World War I.
1939 – 1945:
World War II.
1945: First
Scottish Nationalist MP elected.
1979: Referendum on Scottish assembly failed to meet the required majority.
1997: A
referendum on an independent
Scottish parliament was passed by a massive majority.
1999: The
Scottish parliament sat for the first time under the new constitutional arrangements.
Nodes about Scottish history on
E2:
*
Antonine Wall
*
bagpipe
*
Black Watch
*
Bonnie Prince Charlie
*
Burke and Hare
*
Caledonia
*
Calton Weavers Massacre
*
Cameronian
*
The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba
*
Dalriada
*
Declaration of Arbroath
*
The Doune Pistol
*
Elsie Ingles
*
Forth submarine disaster
*
Hadrian's Wall
*
Highland clearances
*
Jacobite
*
Kings of Pictavia
*
Maiden of the Corn
*
Mary, Queen of Scots
*
Pictish Chronicle
*
Pict
*
Picts
*
Porteous Riot
*
Queen Mary
*
Ring of Brodgar
*
Robert Owen
*
Robert the Bruce
*
Romans in northern Britain
*
Rulers of Scotland
*
Runic Inscriptions in Scotland: Cille Bharra (Kilbar, Barra) (SC 8)
*
St. Andrews Cross
*
St. Tredwell
*
Sawney Bean
*
Scotland in early times
*
Scotland in the 19th century
*
Scotland in the 20th century
*
Scottish castles
*
Scottish Flag
*
Scottish slave trade
*
Scottish smuggling
*
The Snowball Riot
*
Stone of Destiny
*
Strathclyde
*
Timeline of Glasgow history
*
Timeline of Edinburgh history
*
Union Flag
*
Viking
*
William Wallace
Sources:
Chronicle of Britain, Chronicle Communications Ltd, 1992
The Hutchinson Encyclopedia, Helicon Publishing, 1997 ed.
The Oxford Companion to Scottish History, Oxford University Press, 2001
Wikipedia
Node what you know